A concerning rise in a virus linked to paralysis in children has been noted across California, with wastewater analyses indicating increased viral activity statewide.
Enterovirus D68, or EV-D68, typically causes mild respiratory symptoms, as stated by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. However, in rare instances, it can affect motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to a serious condition known as acute flaccid myelitis, which can result in muscle weakness and even permanent paralysis.
Current data shows medium levels of EV-D68 in areas like the Bay Area, Sacramento, and Los Angeles, while lower rates are evident in Riverside County wastewater sites.
Kim-Farley emphasizes that these wastewater findings are a sign that the virus is circulating, warranting increased vigilance and continued preventive measures within communities.
Children, especially those with asthma or other respiratory issues, are most vulnerable to EV-D68. “The at-risk groups include children, particularly those with asthma, as well as immunocompromised individuals and adults with chronic respiratory problems,” Kim-Farley noted.
What symptoms should parents watch for? According to Kim-Farley, they can be categorized as follows:
1. Mild Symptoms
- Runny nose
- sneezing
- Cough
- Body and muscle aches
- Fever
2. Severe Symptoms
- Wheezing
- Difficulty breathing
- Severe respiratory distress
3. Neurological Symptoms (rare but serious)
- Sudden limb weakness
- Difficulty moving limbs
- Facial droop or weakness
- Difficulty swallowing or slurred speech
Currently, there are no vaccines available for EV-D68. To help prevent infection, Kim-Farley recommends:
1. Maintain Good Hygiene
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
- Avoid touching your face with unwashed hands.
2. Limit Close Contact
- Stay away from those who are sick.
- If unwell, please stay home to prevent spreading the virus.
3. Cough and Sneeze Properly
- Cover your mouth/nose with a tissue or your elbow when you cough or sneeze.
- Dispose of tissues safely and wash hands right away.
4. Clean and Disinfect Surfaces
- Regularly disinfect frequently touched items and surfaces, like doorknobs, toys, and phones.
5. Control Asthma
- If your child has asthma, adhere to your action plan to manage it effectively, as EV-D68 can exacerbate respiratory issues.
6. Avoid Sharing Personal Items
- Don’t share utensils, cups, towels, or clothing with others.
Kim-Farley concludes with an important reminder: “Despite the lack of a vaccine for EV-D68, it’s crucial to promote vaccinations for other enteroviruses, like poliomyelitis, which can cause paralysis, and encourage staying up to date with all vaccines, including the latest COVID-19 shots.”