Health authorities have reported that this year, two individuals in eastern Wisconsin and one in northeastern Illinois have succumbed to the West Nile virus.
So far, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed 289 cases of this disease across 33 states. But what exactly is West Nile virus, and which groups are most vulnerable?
According to the CDC, West Nile virus is the most common mosquito-borne illness in the U.S. Approximately 80% of infected individuals are asymptomatic. However, about one in 150 can experience a severe illness, which can sometimes be fatal.
The virus is currently documented in 33 states, with Texas leading the way with 41 cases, followed by Mississippi at 25 and Nebraska at 24. Other states reporting significant cases include Nevada (23), Louisiana (21), and California (18). On the other hand, Connecticut and South Carolina each have recorded just one case.
A detailed map provides insights into the county-level distribution of infections among humans and animals.
Common symptoms for most who do experience them include fever, headaches, joint pain, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and weakness, which could linger for weeks or even months.
In severe instances, the virus can target the central nervous system, leading to serious conditions like brain inflammation. Symptoms in these severe cases might include headaches, neck stiffness, confusion, tremors, convulsions, vision loss, numbness, and even coma or paralysis. Those impacted with severe symptoms face a 10% risk of death.
Recently, Dr. Anthony Fauci, former director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, shared his recovery journey after contracting West Nile virus, likely from a mosquito bite in his yard.
To lower the risk of infection, health officials suggest sticking to preventative measures. Utilize insect repellent, wear long sleeves, and avoid stagnant water to significantly lower the chances of mosquito bites. For residents in areas where the virus is active, these tips are essential as the West Nile virus season continues into the fall.